Subhash Sharma, 'Ethicotarian Philosophy and Ethicotarian Vision as a Basis for Holistic Development: Towards the Concept of Corporate Social Dharma', in 'Catalyzing Public & Private Partnerships for Social & Environmental Change', edited by J.S.Ahluwallia, World Environment Foundation, New Delhi, June 2004, pp.116-125: Paper identifies the conceptual foundations of three worldviews of utilitarian, egalitarian and ethicotarian perspectives of human life rooted in market values, human & social values and spiritual values. It identifies the implications of these views for the corporates and suggests an integrative approach to the development of corporates as social institutions.

Subhash Sharma, 'Beyond the Box and Boundaries: Creativity, Creative Thinking & New Knowledge Creation', Management Perception, Vol.6, No.1, January-June 2004, pp.32-34: This paper presents a discussion on five Indian tools of creative thinking viz. Darshan approach, Rishi/Re-see concept, D-vision approach, mind walk and sabdh-yoga. Paper also provides illustrations from author's own experience of using these techniques for creative thinking and for developing new ideas and perspectives in the field of management.

Subhash Sharma, 'Indian Society 2004: Matrix and the Circle', Southern Economist, Vol.43, No.8, August 15, 2004, pp.5-8: Paper presents a 'swastika analysis' of the Indian society in terms of a social discourse matrix, rotated by circles of caste, region and rural-urban constructs. It provides a historical perspective of changes in terms of the metaphor of 'Manu to Markets' transition in Indian society.

Subhash Sharma, The Rishi Route to Reality: Its Application to Managerial Necessities, Co-authored with Isha Gamlath, in Conference Proceedings 'World Congress on Vedic Sciences', organized by Vijnana Bharati, Bangalore jointly with M.S.Rashtriya Veda Vidya Pratishthan, Ujjain, SLBS Rashtriya Vidyapeetha (Deemed University), New Delhi and Indian Council of Philosophical Research, New Delhi, held at Bangalore, August 9-13, 2004: The desire to search for the ultimate nature of reality has invaded the human mind for timeless centuries that it stretches as far back as the ancient civilization in Greece and the Vedic and Upanishadic periods, which stand as milestones in Hindu religious philosophy. The several explanations offered for the nature of reality by both the earliest Greek thinkers, the Pre-Socratics and the Vedic rishis correspond with each other recalling the fact that people of kindred cultured and civilizations such as the Greeks and the Indians, were in possession of similar ideas and beliefs. This was mainly due to their close political, social and cultural relations and most conspicuously the fusion of Hindu religious traditions in to Greek thought. The search for reality is one such idea that attracted the minds of both the Greeks and the Indians. Referred to, in the present study as the Rishi Route to reality, this search was a rational enterprise that involved concentration on and concentration of the ultimate source from which all things originated and returned to. Paper explores the implications of the Rishi route for managerial contexts.

Sharma, Subhash, 'Unfolding of a Holistic Vision of the World: Towards New Directions for Development of Management Thought', Global Business Review, Vol.5, No.2, July - December 2004, pp.161-170: Management thought has been largely rooted in the capitalistic vision of society. A correction in the capitalistic vision was introduced through the notion of ‘sustainable development’. Now the need to move towards holistic development paradigm is being felt. In the holistic vision, spiritual and ethical concerns are given due considerations in addition to the efficiency and equity. This vision could be referred to as MS (Material-Spiritual) vision where an integral and integrative view of life is taken through an unfolding of the material and spiritual dimension of life. While the two views have been unfolding as independent paths, the need for their convergence is being felt to achieve a balance between ‘per capita income’ and ‘per capita happiness’. In capitalistic vision, business organizations are viewed as ‘economic entities’. In contrast, the holistic vision considers business as ‘sacro-economic entities’. Thus holistic vision takes us in the direction of sacro-civic society and an ecotarian view of the world. Paper also explores the implications of the holistic vision for the future development of management thought and suggests three fundamental equations of holistic development to convert holistic vision into reality.

Subhash Sharma, 'Paradigms of Development: Implications for Management Thought and Social Discourse', in 'Managing in a Global Economy: Emerging Challenges to Management Profession', Conference Proceedings, organized by Association of Indian Management Scholars (AIMS) International, held at IIM Calcutta, December 28-31, 2004: Rooted in a typology of values in terms of market values, social values and spiritual values, three paradigms of development viz. economic development, sustainable development and holistic development are presented in this paper. While the concept of economic development is rooted in market values, the concept of sustainable development includes social concerns such as environmental concerns and equity considerations. Holistic development gives consideration to spiritual values in addition to social concerns. It aims at achieving a balance between market values, social values and spiritual values represented by competition, co-operation and symbiosis views of human existence and human nature. Drawing upon these paradigms, paper suggest the RICH (Resources, Income, Consumption, Happiness) model to achieve a balance between 'per capita income' and 'per capita happiness'. In addition, the concept of Wholistic Development Index (WDI) is proposed to take us beyond Human Development Index (HDI). It is suggested that ranking of nations can be reworked on the basis of Wholistic Development Index, as this index suggests negative marking for all pain inducing activities in the society. Paper proposes a holistic vision on the basis of 3H framework represented by H1: Happy Individual, H2: Holistic Corporate Management, H3: Harmonic Society. This holistic vision is based on integration of three paradigms of development presented in this paper.

Subhash Sharma, 'Development of Sacro-Civic Society Through Harmonization Paradigm', in 'Women in Nation Building: Perspectives, Issues and Implications', edited by Susheela Subrahmanya, Meera Chakraborty & N.S.Viswanath, Southern Economist, Bangalore, 2005, pp.44-57: Paper suggests a framework for development of sacro-civic society through harmonizing the three principles of life viz. principle of liberation, principle of fullness and principle of enlightenment. Paper also suggests the need for paradigm shift from conflict models of society to co-operation and harmony oriented worldviews. It suggests that for creation of sacro-civic society we need a new blend of capitalism, socialism and spiritualism to achieve the goals of prosperity, equity and spirituality.

Subhash Sharma, 'Towards Holistic Development & Management (HDM)', in 'Governance for Sustainable Development', edited by J.S.Ahluwallia & Uma Mehra, World Environment Foundation, London, 2005, pp.92-99: There are essentially three paradigms of development viz. economic development, sustainable development and holistic development. The paradigm of economic development is rooted in the pcs (profit, competition and self-interest) mode of thinking. In contrast the paradigm of sustainable development takes us beyond the pcs T-A (Thought – Action) mode, by including the environmental considerations as an essential element in policy making and corporate decision making. The new and emerging paradigm of Holistic Development & Management (HDM), takes us one step beyond the sustainable development concept by incorporating the ethical and spiritual dimensions of life as part of policy making and decision making processes. The three paradigms have three underlying models and visions of individuals, society and the global village. The main objective of Holistic Development & Management (HDM) is to create 'sacro-civic' society, wherein there is reconciliation of 'man with man and man with nature'. This paper explores the ways in which such a reconciliation can be achieved by changing T-A (Thought – Action) modes at the individual, society and policy making levels. In the new T-A mode, enlightened collective interest or 'loksangraha' becomes the basis for developing the sacro-civic society and its various institutions including corporates. Is it an utopia? Can it be realized through the concept of Holistic Development and Management? In the subsequent discussion we explore this idea.

Sharma, Subhash, 'Space Time Consciousness: Towards a Speculative Convergence of Science & Spirituality Through Unfolding of Universal Spiritual Consciousness (USC)', in 'Landscape of Matter: Conference Proceedings on the Concept of Matter', edited by Sharath Ananthamurthy, Meera Chakravorty, M.C.Radhakrishna, Prasaranga, Bangalore University, Bangalore, 2005. pp.207-216. Also published in Chinmaya Management Review, Vol.6, No.2, August 2004, pp.13-18: This paper speculates convergence of science and spirituality through unfolding of universal spiritual consciousness in terms of STEM (Space Time Energy Matter) wherein 'spacetime' and 'energy matter' are integrated together as a single 'variable', 'STEM' with its origin in USC and a latter split in terms of space, time, energy and matter. Paper suggests this unfolding process leading to an alternative perspective on evolution theory.

Subhash Sharma, 'Quantum States of Mind: Ordinary Perception to Extra-Ordinary Perception', Psychological Studies, January 2005, Vol.50, No.1, pp.9-15: T he traditional classification of the four states of consciousness- waking state, dream state, sleep state and transcendence state is combined through quantum states of mind – ordinary perception, extra sensory perception and extra-ordinary perception, to create a 12 state consciousness – perception matrix. The paper elaborates on the concept and nature of the three quantum states of mind, their correspondence to the body, mind and spirit and considers the relation of extra-ordinary perception to cosmic consciousness.

Subhash Sharma, 'A Vedic Integration of Transitions in Management Thought: Towards Transcendental Management', Gurukul Business Review, Vol.1, Spring 2005, pp.4-12: The concept of 'management' has been changing over a period of time. During ancient times, 'management' was an art and a state craft. With the advent of industrial revolution, 'management' became 'science' and an art was transformed into 'science'. Subsequently, 'management' became a discipline and a profession that could be formally taught to all those who are interested in becoming managers. In this discipline, we find convergence of various other disciplines such as economics, psychology, sociology, ethics etc. The 'core knowledge' of the discipline of management draws heavily from other disciplines and through value addition, integration and synthesis of ideas from various disciplines, a new discipline of 'management' has been created with its own concepts at the levels of thought, discourse and action. This paper provides a Vedic integration of transitions in management thought from ancient times to modern times by providing a Vedic integration of various intellectual traditions that have influenced the development of management ideas and concepts. Further, the paper provides some integrative models of 'transcendental management' and suggests the need to create an intellectual bridge between the 'Harvard' and ''Haridwar' metaphorically representing the concepts of corporate management and self-management.

Subhash Sharma, 'Leadership Models for the New Global Age: Towards Corporate Rishi and Corporate Sage', SCMS Journal of Indian Management, Vol.2, No.1, January-March 2005, pp.4-12: Paper presents new models of leadership in the age of corporate dominance. It suggests a new leadership grid referred to as KT grid wherein K is indicative of Theory K and T is indicative of Theory T of leadership. Paper locates various Indian models suggested by Indian scholars within the framework of KT grid and suggests the need for empirical testing of this grid.

Subhash Sharma, 'Human Quality Development (HQD) for Corporate Management', Vilakshan, Vol.2, No.1, March 2005, pp.22-36: The concept of Human Resource Development is rooted in the worldview of humans as factors of production and as assets for organizations. It is largely rooted in the 'skills' oriented view of the organizations. Chakraborty (1990) emphasized the need for inclusion of 'values' view along with the skills. Hence, he suggested the idea of 'Human Response Development' by exploring the application of transformational values at the workplace. Sharma (1996) suggested the need to move beyond the narrow definition of humans as factors of production to a broader definition of humans as a set of human qualities. He suggested the need for Human Quality Development (HQD) in individual, social and organizational contexts. Thus, the paper suggests that there is three complementing worldviews about human beings viz. Human Resource, Human Response and Human Quality Development.

Subhash Sharma, 'Three Roads to Development: A Framework for Society's Growth, Development & Progress (GDP)', Southern Economist, July 15, 2005, Vol.44, No.6, pp.7-10: The focus of globalization policies has been largely on the corporate road to development. This is also reflected in policy making at the Government level. Unless, we recognize the complementarity and inter-connectivity of the three roads, holistic development would not take place. For society's growth, development and progress, all the three roads to development should be properly developed. Paper suggests that for development of the three roads, it should take place within the overall framework of 'Panchmukhi Vikas' model.

Subhash Sharma, 'A Brief History of History: Some Models of History and Lessons for Leadership and Management', Journal of Human Values, Vol.11, No.2, July-December 2005, pp.123-137: Taking a managerial perspective, this article presents some models of history with a view to draw lessons for leadership and management of organizations and institutions. The suggested models include: evolution of human thought in terms of religions, science and spirituality and their convergence; transitions in society from kingdom–state to nation-state to corporates as state and beyond; creativity view of history; dignity struggle and liberation view of history; 'fall of the fittest' view of history, and the swastika analysis of history. The article explores the implications of these models for providing enlightened leadership to organizations and society by creating synergy between influences from the West and the East.

Subhash Sharma, 'Transforming Mind for True Leadership: Leading Through the Intrinsic', in 'Global Leadership Conference, Conference Proceedings, organized by Strategic Management Technology Consultants (SMT), held at IIM Calcutta, September 20-21, 2005: This paper presents the framework of quantum states of mind and four forces model of society's mind. It suggests three quantum states in terms of Division, D-vision and Direct-vision. Paper provides number of illustrations for these three mind caps for decision making, problem solving and perspective development. Model of four forces identifies fundamental forces in terms of force of market, force of State, force of people and force of self. This model suggests the need for holistic globalization wherein there is a synergy between these four forces leading to emergence of sacro-civic society and sacro-civic nations. Paper explores the implications of these forces for management thought and suggests that a change has been taking place from industrial revolution to knowledge revolution to transcendental revolution. Accordingly, paper expands the idea of transcendental management wherein a touch of transcendence is imported to all the activities in organization and social contexts. In corporate context, there is a need for CEOs to become 'Corporate Rishi' to provide transcendental touch to all corporate activities with a view to make corporates enlightened citizens of the world.

Subhash Sharma, 'A Model for Corporate Development – A Holistic Approach', Vilakshan, XIMB Journal of Management, Vol.2, No.2, September 2005, pp.71-78: Since its advent within the framework of maximization of shareholders wealth, the corporate model has been undergoing a series of transformations. In its next evolutionary step, the concept of multiple stakeholders emerged. As corporates are playing a dominant role in the society, the idea of corporate citizenship has been emerging during recent years. This paper suggests a new age corporate model, rooted in the social discourse and the holistic vision of development. While 'core competence' allows a corporate to be competitive, new age corporates need to include other dimensions in their corporate activities. Social concern and 'innovation competence' among others are the additional requirements. Further, it also needs to have character competence, then only it would be able to lead others. In fact, corporate governance has already emerged as an important concern for the corporates. This paper also presents the evolution of corporate model from its shareholder framework to corporate citizen framework and relates this evolution to the nature of social discourse in the market economy. Using ideas from Indian thought it formulates the corporate HOPE model and suggests a 'new age score carding' mechanism to evaluate corporate performance from a holistic perspective.

Subhash Sharma, 'Towards A New Vision of the World: Foundational Concepts for Holistic Development & Management (HDM)', Conference Proceedings of the 3 rd International Conference on Management 'Management Education at a Crossroad: Issues, Challenges & Opportunities', organized by the Association of Indian Management Scholars (AIMS) International, held at IIM Ahmedabad, January 1-4, 2006: Rooted in a new integration of three fundamental concepts, viz. Market, Society and Self, this paper outlines the contours of a new vision of the world through the metaphor of three colours viz. Green, Red and Saffron representing management thought, social discourse and spiritual concerns. This vision provides us a new foundational basis for Holistic Development & Management (HDM) for development of society as sacro-civic society. Paper also explores the linkages of this vision with the ethical foundations of organizations and suggests that horizons of management thought and thereby management education should be expanded to include social discourse and spiritual concerns.